Have you ever noticed your dog squinting, blinking more than usual, or rubbing their face against the carpet, and then suddenly seen a bright red lump in the corner of their eye? If so, you’re not alone. These worrying signs often point to a condition known as cherry eye, something many pet parents have never heard of until it shows up, literally overnight.
Cherry eye might look dramatic, but it’s a condition that many dogs, especially certain breeds, are genetically prone to. While it may start as a cosmetic issue, it can lead to discomfort, dryness, and even infections if not properly managed. The good news? It’s treatable, and often curable, with prompt and appropriate veterinary care.
Whether you’re dealing with your first cherry eye scare or just want to be prepared, understanding how and why this condition happens can make all the difference. In this guide, we’ll walk you through the essential facts about cherry eye in dogs, from what it looks like to how it’s diagnosed, treated, and prevented, so you’ll feel confident knowing how to respond if it ever appears in your pup’s eyes.
What is Cherry Eye (Eyelid Protrusion) in Dogs?
Also called Eyelid Protrusion, cherry eye is the common term for a prolapsed gland of the third eyelid, also known as the nictitating membrane. Dogs have three eyelids, the upper and lower lids we can easily see, plus a third eyelid that sits in the inner corner of each eye. This third eyelid contains a tear gland that normally stays hidden from view.
When the connective tissue that holds this gland in place becomes weak or damaged, the gland can pop out and become visible as a red or pink mass. The condition gets its name because this protruding gland looks remarkably similar to a small cherry nestled in the corner of your dog’s eye.
Certain dog breeds are more prone to developing cherry eye due to their genetic makeup and facial structure. Bulldogs, French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, Cocker Spaniels, Beagles, Bloodhounds, Boston Terriers, and Mastiffs are among the breeds that see higher rates of this condition. Flat-faced or brachycephalic breeds are particularly susceptible because of their shallow eye sockets and prominent eyes, which make it harder to keep the eye gland in place. Shih tzu, often called shih, and Lhasa Apsos are also high-risk breeds. These small dogs have large, expressive eyes and a facial shape that increases the likelihood of the third eyelid gland slipping out of position.
While cherry eye isn’t a life-threatening emergency, it does require veterinary attention. The exposed gland can become irritated, infected, or dry out, leading to more serious complications if left untreated. The good news is that with proper care, most dogs with cherry eye go on to live completely normal, comfortable lives.
What Causes Cherry Eye in Dogs?
Cherry eye occurs when the connective tissue holding the third eyelid gland weakens, allowing it to slip out of place. Here are the main causes:
Primary Causes:
- Genetic predisposition – Weakness in connective tissue is often inherited, explaining why certain breeds are more susceptible
- Breed anatomy – Flat-faced breeds and those with prominent eyes are at higher risk
- Age factor – Young dogs under 2 years are most commonly affected, as their connective tissue may not be fully mature
Contributing Factors:
- Eye injury – Trauma to the eye area can damage the supporting tissue
- Chronic eye irritation – Long-term infections or irritation may weaken the tissue
- Anatomical variations – Some dogs are simply born with looser connective tissue
Important Note: Cherry eye isn’t caused by anything you did wrong as a pet parent. It’s not related to diet, exercise, or care routines; it’s simply an anatomical issue some dogs are predisposed to develop.
Signs and Symptoms of Cherry Eye in Dogs
The most obvious sign of cherry eye is the visual appearance, that telltale red or pink lump in the inner corner of the eye. The size can vary from a small bump to a larger, more prominent mass, and it may appear suddenly or develop gradually over time.
Beyond the visible gland, watch for these secondary symptoms that often accompany cherry eye:
Squinting or a partially closed eye
Dogs suffering from cherry eye or any irritation of the eyelid and third eyelid gland may squint or hold their eye partially closed. This behaviour is a natural attempt to protect the sensitive part of the eye. It’s especially noticeable in bright light, where squinting helps reduce discomfort caused by light sensitivity. The prolapse of the tear gland can lead to dryness or increased pressure in the eye, prompting your dog to close it reflexively.
Excessive tearing or discharge
One of the first visible signs of cherry eye is abnormal tear production, either too much or not enough. You might notice clear tearing or thicker discharge that can appear yellow, green, or even slightly bloody if the gland of the third eyelid is irritated or infected.
Red or irritated eye area
The area around the eye, particularly the inner corner of the eye, may appear red, inflamed, or swollen. This is due to the exposed and protruding third eyelid gland. You might also see a mass that looks like a cherry, hence the name cherry eye.
Pawing or rubbing the eye
If your dog is frequently pawing at their face or rubbing it against furniture, rugs, or even your leg, this could be a reaction to the discomfort caused by cherry eye or eye irritation. The eye could feel itchy, swollen, or sore, prompting this behaviour.
Frequent blinking or “winking”
Dogs with cherry eye may blink the affected eye more often than usual, sometimes appearing to “wink.” This blinking reflex is the body’s attempt to protect and moisten the eye, especially when the tear gland is not properly lubricating it.
Head tilting
Your dog may tilt their head or pull away when you try to inspect the eye nearest the nose. This can indicate discomfort or a sensitivity to touch around the lower eyelid.
Changes in activity level
Dogs experiencing discomfort from cherry eye or irritation may become less playful or more withdrawn. This is especially common in young dogs, who are typically more energetic.
Behavioural changes around eating or playing
If your dog normally enjoys their food and toys but suddenly becomes disinterested, this could signal cherry eye or another eye condition. Pain or irritation can make it harder for them to focus on anything other than the eye discomfort.
It’s worth noting that cherry eye can affect one or both eyes, and if your dog develops it in one eye, there’s an increased chance it could occur in the other eye later on.
Is Cherry Eye Painful or Dangerous?
Cherry eye itself is not usually painful in the beginning. However, it can cause discomfort, especially if the exposed gland becomes dry or irritated. Over time, if left untreated, the condition can lead to more serious issues such as:
- Chronic dry eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca)
- Infections or inflammation
- Damage to the cornea
That’s why it’s essential to address cherry eye early, not only for your dog’s comfort but also to protect their long-term vision and eye health.
Treatment Options for Cherry Eyes
When it comes to cherry eye treatment for dogs, surgery is the most effective option. Here are the key treatment approaches:
Historical vs. Modern Treatment:
Historically, the treatment for cherry eye involved the surgical removal of the third eyelid gland. This approach was later shown to significantly increase the risk of patients developing keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye) due to the gland’s vital role in tear production. Modern veterinary ophthalmologists strongly advise against gland removal.
Non-Surgical Options:
If the cherry eye is caught early, your vet may recommend conservative treatments first. This can include gentle massage of the affected eye, using a downward and diagonal motion toward the snout while the eye is closed, in an attempt to manually reposition the gland. In some cases, especially with younger dogs, the gland may slip back into place naturally or with the help of anti-inflammatory medications and antibiotic eye drops that reduce swelling and irritation.
While these methods can sometimes work, especially if the prolapse is minor or recent, they are not a guaranteed or permanent fix. If the gland continues to prolapse or becomes irritated again, surgical intervention is usually required to prevent further issues.
Current Surgical Options:
- Gland repositioning surgery (preferred) – The gland is moved back to its normal position and secured with sutures, preserving tear production
- Gland removal (outdated and not recommended) – No longer used as it can lead to dry eye problems since the gland produces 30% of your dog’s tears
Surgery Details:
Cherry eye surgery is relatively quick, typically lasting 30 to 60 minutes under general anesthesia. Most dogs can return home the same day, and with proper care, they can get back to their usual activities within 1 to 2 weeks. When performed correctly, the procedure has a success rate of 85% to 95%, making it a highly effective treatment option.
Post-Surgery Care:
- Medications – Antibiotic eye drops and anti-inflammatory medications
- Activity restrictions – Prevent rubbing or pawing at eyes during healing
- Cost range – Typically $300-$800 per eye (varies by location)
Important: While you might find home remedies online, veterinary surgery is the only reliable way to properly address cherry eye.
Can Cherry Eye Come Back?
Yes, cherry eye can come back after surgery, but it’s uncommon when the procedure is done surgically. The success rate for gland repositioning surgery is 85–95%, and most recurrences happen within the first few weeks.
Recurrence risk depends on factors like your dog’s age, the surgical technique, and how well post-op care is followed. If it does return, don’t worry, a second surgery usually resolves the issue. Your veterinarian will guide you through the best course of action based on your dog’s specific needs. To help reduce the risk of recurrence, early intervention is key; treating cherry eye promptly often leads to better outcomes and fewer complications down the road.
How to Care for a Dog with Cherry Eye?
Caring for a dog with cherry eye involves a combination of gentle handling, medication (if prescribed), and close attention to any changes in their condition. If your vet recommends non-surgical treatment initially, be sure to follow their instructions closely; this might include applying eye drops, administering anti-inflammatory medications, or carefully massaging the eye as advised.
If your dog undergoes surgery, proper post-operative care is key to a smooth recovery. Make sure your dog doesn’t rub or scratch their eye, which may require an Elizabethan collar (cone). Administer all prescribed medications as directed, and monitor the eye for signs of improvement or complications like swelling, discharge, or signs of pain. Follow-up appointments are essential to ensure the gland stays in place and heals properly.
No matter the treatment path, early detection and prompt veterinary care are your best tools for helping your pup recover fully and comfortably. With the right care, most dogs bounce back quickly, and you’ll both be back to belly rubs and fetch games in no time.
Conclusion
Seeing a red lump in your dog’s eye can be alarming, but cherry eye is a common and treatable condition that many dogs recover from without lasting issues. With early detection and the right veterinary care, most dogs with cherry eye go on to enjoy full, healthy lives.
The important thing is to act quickly. That small pink bump may look concerning, but it’s just a gland that needs a bit of help getting back into place. Whether through non-surgical methods or a simple surgery, modern treatments are highly effective and safe.
As a pet parent, your attentiveness makes all the difference. By staying informed about eye health issues like cherry eye and scheduling regular vet visits, you’re doing your part to keep your dog comfortable and thriving. With your love and support, your furry companion will be back to tail wags, playtime, and eye sparkles in no time.
